An Africans Freedom: Mirage

 An Africa freedom, is a freedom that must find it's true meaning in an African context. In my opinion this seemingly is impossible. It is therefore advisable for African pessimists hoping to liberate their brothers to take caution while introducing this concept because they are likely reject it. Globalization has made Africans loose the ideal definition of what liberty should be to an African society. As such it is difficult to introduce the concept of freedom to an Africans mindset wholesomely because their understanding of liberty has been polluted by western civilization. 

Africa socioeconomic practices were destroyed by the Europeans during their struggle for and partitioning of Africa. Europeans established systems which demeaned Africans way of lives. Theses systems were always held beyond reproach. Africans were forced to fit into systems that had violated their culture, contravened their meaning to liberty. When Africans failed to fit into such oppressive systems, they were brutally punished. It sometimes bothers why the colonizers failed to find systems that would honor the Africans way of life. It would have been a wonderful and great opportunity if they allowed Africans to continue with their way of life and only change to the European standards at will. As such, it would enforce the culture of freewill and  portrays the Europeans as champions of true liberty, according to their definition of freedom. 

The forceful enactment of European guidelines dealt a great blow to an Africans mindset that she does not understand the meaning of liberty. Now she has to check and confirm the European definition of liberty to get what freedom means.  This is like  solving an African problem using western's standards and it has hurt the Africa sense of self-worth. 

Even when Africa got independence, they adopted the 'faulty' western systems thus enforcing the theory of Stockholm syndrome. In summary, to liberate Africa, introduce the ideal Africans liberty step by step otherwise she will reject it because the brothers have NEVER heard of it. 

THE ROAD TO FORGIVENESS

 I had thought I wanted to use this chance today to hurt you, to find words sharp and brutal enough to torment you, like you did to us that awful night, words that would hunt you for the rest of your life. But my little girl showed me a different road. We are all born as innocents into the world. None of us has the power to control the forces that blow by blow chip and dent our innocence away from us. But we are born with the power of choice. How we fill these cracks and dents is up to us. Disappointment can fuel a life of anger and malice. And if we sink low enough, we can become blind to the pain we inflict on others. Or we choose to face another road, and no matter the brutality we meet or our dark nights of despair we can choose to listen to a different guide. this is the road to forgiveness. 

Stoicism

 From lectures, as explained below, from 14 and 15 stoicism has three sacred pillars. The first fundamental pillar of stoicism is duty. The pillar states that people should carry put their tasks to competence and excellence without considering the level they achieve. In simple terms, it means that no matter what people earn in terms of marks, their main goal should be to carry out their duty with absolute competence as such that the means are given much justification. We should ask with what competence was this task achieved regardless of the results it has produced. Therefore, the process should justify the end rather than the results justifying the means. The second pillar of stoicism is piety, which means in all endeavors, we should never blame the gods or other people for the negative experience we have in this life. Instead, people should strive to see positive aspects whenever they experience a negative impact. The negative experience is viewed as part of life and whenever we encounter it, we should move on and be thankful for all the positive things that we have. The third and last pillar of stoicism is the ability to have self-control. The pillar dictates that we should enjoy every experience we have but never ever allow ourselves to be carried away by the emotions they bring. Especially when the feelings are negative, we should never have a personal attachment to negative emotions.

Intervention on Obesity and Overweight

  

 

 

 

Intervention on Obesity and Overweight

 

Student’s Name or Students’ Names

Department Affiliation, University Affiliation

Course Number: Course Name

Instructor’s Name

Assignment Due Date

 

Intervention on Obesity and Overweight

There is no such thing as a one-size-fits-all solution to the obesity pandemic. Individuals must react in several ways to this predicament. Policymakers, state and local government officials, corporate and community leaders, educators, child care providers, health care specialists, and the general people must collaborate to ensure a healthy environment (Chen, 2017). Numerous therapies have been created to improve an individual’s lifestyle, including what they eat, how they exercise, and how they act. The subject, degree of involvement, duration of the inquiry, and items studied all significantly influenced the study approach(Chen, 2017). In most studies, weight loss was shown to be statistically significant. However, this was restricted by the experiment’s participants’ weights and the group’s size. While web-based weight reduction therapies may not be as effective as in-person weight loss therapies, they may help you maintain your current weight. The most successful techniques for assisting overweight or obese individuals include a personalized diet, physical activity, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Many individuals will stop exercising if it is their sole activity. Clinical study has shown that exercising for at least 60 minutes three times a week may help decrease blood pressure and improve cholesterol levels. Physical activity levels increased somewhat after physical activity interventions (ES=0.12 [P.01] for obese individuals; ES=0.22 [P=ns] for non-obese individuals). Exercise frequency and intensity may affect your cholesterol and lipoprotein (high- and low-density lipoprotein) levels (HDL, LDL) (Dalton, 2018). Family members may contribute to the intervention’s effectiveness. Although physical activity is related to lower body fat and BMI, these associations are not statistically significant. Exercise and food modifications have been demonstrated to reduce BMI significantly. 12 When determining who will be enrolled in an intervention program and how they will be monitored, individual, family, and community issues must all be addressed.

 

 

 

 

Excessive dieting may be detrimental to your health and provide no long-term benefit. Individuals who did not drink sugary beverages had a reduced BMI (BMI=0.57kg/m2) one year after the intervention started. Excessive caloric intake has been associated with an increase in body fat. Reduced marketing of high-energy items, a better diet, and decreased obesity rates are all linked (King, 2020). Portion control has also been associated with this. In terms of outcomes, multi-component therapy trumps diet-only regimens. As more parents participate, the short-term consequences for children under 12 who get more nutrition assistance from their parents improve.

Multiple interventions for children and adolescent obesity, including nutrition, physical activity, decreased inactivity, and behavioral changes, are more successful than single therapies. The most successful medications are aggressively provided in PC settings by workers with prior sector experience, assisted by Nola Pender Model. Elimination of sugary beverages from the diet resulted in a transitory decrease in BMI. Additionally, the outcomes increase when families, particularly those with young children, financial level, and other personal characteristics are added (Murphy et al., 2017). While information and communication technologies (ICTs) significantly impact the association between obesity and sleep duration, further study is required to determine how ICTs affect this relationship.

Urbanization and migration of people seeking opportunity in cities have fueled the reconfiguration of food systems. Owing to the abundance of ready-to-eat foods in supermarkets and free advertising, city people have made poor dietary choices due to a lack of time for meal preparation, a scenario exacerbated by Nairobi’s traffic congestion. Customers purchase street food without regard for the food’s safety. Mothers’ knowledge of caring for and feeding their children affects children’s nutrition(Perry et al., 2018). Particular youngsters choose meal selections without regard for nutritional value, and their parents have little control over them (Perry et al., 2018). To blame are changes in parenting styles and a greater emphasis on children’s rights. To increase access to the attraction of healthy meals, it is necessary to support children’s food environment activities. To ensure that schools have access to healthy food options, the government must prohibit the sale of sugar-sweetened beverages near schools and playgrounds(Rahman, 2020). Due to the high prevalence of obesity, especially among the wealthiest quintiles, choosing a diverse array of nutritious meals is challenging. This demonstrates the need to examine how individuals eat to ascertain the elements that contribute to their overweight or obesity(Sacher, 2020). SRs were weighted more heavily in the same manner as the SNS CPG6 was. As a result, it is possible that some randomized controlled trials and other research were ignored. Due to the diversity of outcome measures used in the study, it was challenging to provide a quantitative data summary. Similarly, similarities were difficult to come by(Sacher, 2020). Indeed, several studies have examined the validity and reliability of the outcome measures and interventions used in childhood obesity studies, revealing significant heterogeneity and variation in outcome measures, difficulties extrapolating results, and a variety of intervention types and durations, all of which make generalizable conclusions difficult in the majority of cases.

The Nola Pender Model placed a premium on clinical treatment and did not mention pharmacological or surgical interventions. Regardless, the purpose was to create data supporting therapies utilized in primary care settings, which are the primary care settings where the majority of overweight or obese children and adolescents seek assistance(Smith et al., 2019). The findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge regarding the efficacy of multi-component interventions in comparison to isolated interventions, as well as information that can assist in identifying factors associated with low intervention adherence and participation, as well as some of the interventions’ potential adverse effects, as documented in the literature.

Standardization of weight, height, and BMI classifications, as well as SC referrals, should occur as soon as possible. There is no consensus about the values that should be utilized to investigate and evaluate the issue (TK & Chandran, 2017). There is a strong possibility that more unanimity would be preferable to the existing situation in this regard. One alternative is to abstain from sugary drinks. Individuals whose dietary energy density and portion size were reduced also performed well(TK & Chandran, 2017). In any case, multi-component therapies are the most effective. Numerous studies indicate that patients did not stick to their treatment regimens particularly effectively. This is very certainly far worse in real-world clinical practice. This is one of the most common reasons for treatment failure. Additionally, the statistics indicate the importance of well-trained and experienced doctors who deliver therapy to improve patient outcomes.

 

Individual traits and the fact that obesity is connected with a significant socioeconomic gradient should be taken into account while treating obese individuals. They addressed the “causes of the causes” or health inequities that contribute to adolescent obesity. Rather than concentrating just on adult obesity, this may be a more effective method. As part of a multisectoral strategy, constant health advocacy and communication to the public through audience-specific, coordinated nutrition education awareness messaging across all communication channels may help keep obesity at bay. The Ministries of Social Protection and Agriculture, Fisheries, Livestock, and Cooperatives must work together to ensure that the most vulnerable people get food. Water, sanitation, and irrigation ministries and irrigation programs should strive to increase people’s ability to produce food using water. This is particularly critical in dry and semi-arid regions when rainfall is scarce. To ensure that sector measures are carried out effectively, the education sector needs improved nutrition instruction in the classroom and more resources.

Physical activity must be maintained in the face of pandemics, which necessitates the establishment of open playgrounds, stadiums, and community centers across communities. In addition, the 2017 Occupational Safety and Health Act contains standards for workplace exercise to assist employees in maintaining their health(YS & MG, 2019). Additional routes will be established due to infrastructure enhancements that promote physical activity, and these plans must be included in master development plans.

 

According to the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, noncommunicable illnesses significantly hinder making the world better. SDG 2 aims to eradicate malnutrition in all its manifestations, including obesity and overweight, by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) published a study in 2018. To do this, we must expand existing programs and cultivate an environment that promotes the success of nutritional therapy. Governments will need more nutrition resources to combat COVID-19 and a strategy to prevent malnutrition from occurring in the first place. To learn from the pandemic and foresee future outbreaks, preventative public health measures in food, nutrition, health, and social protection would be necessary.

To educate children about making healthy food choices, it is critical to continue systematic nutrition education in schools, organized by mentors or champions such as teachers and peer groups. Additionally, physical exercise helps pupils rehydrate and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Despite indications that the COVID-19 epidemic was relatively quiet, pandemic-related remedial activities have received less attention. While parents purchased new uniforms for their children who outgrew their previous ones, the government neglected the health and economic costs associated with obesity/overweight(Yang, 2020). Learners may be more engaged if remote learning systems allow exercise time between sessions.

To ensure that consumers are not misled about food’s nutritional content, the government must ensure that food items are labeled accurately. Additionally, charges on unnutritious meals should be implemented to dissuade businesses from developing very quickly and high in energy. When a nutrition survey is not conducted for five to ten years, the data to assist in population health maintenance are inadequate. Uncontrolled weight gain may have long-term health and economic effects if left unchecked for five or six years(Van der Heijden et al., 2018). The World Health Assembly has set a target of eradicating obesity and overweight by 2025 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals(Yang, 2020). Employers are required under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 2007 to provide employees with a safe working environment that does not jeopardize their health and suitable facilities and procedures to ensure their well-being while on the job. Employees must be physically and intellectually engaged in maintaining their health and well-being.

Individuals may reduce their chance of acquiring diabetes in some circumstances by recognizing risk factors, increasing their knowledge, and modifying their behavior. Nutrition education should be implemented in schools and across society. Information will continue to flow endlessly using this strategy. We will develop more effective treatments as we understand more about the risk factors and diseases associated with pediatric obesity (Van der Heijden et al., 2018). Replicable utilities must be included in the national infrastructure development plan. For example, Metropolitan Services wants to construct infrastructure that facilitates walking and biking to encourage residents to be more active(TK & Chandran, 2017).

Consequently, people will be able to maintain their health and mobility more easily. To ensure future generations have access to social amenities such as playgrounds, community centers, and recreational facilities, county infrastructure master plans must be long-term in nature(TK & Chandran, 2017). Employers must devise a strategy for encouraging employees to exercise in compliance with the new COVID-19 standard while maintaining social distance(Williamson, 2017). Additionally, with the assistance of organizations such as church health and education departments and forums for community health experts, the public may be kept informed about nutrition education and awareness through social media on a long-term basis.

Individuals who live in supportive surroundings and engage in organized community activities make healthier food choices and engage in more excellent physical activity, which contributes to reducing obesity and overweight. In addition, effective policy implementation creates ideal conditions for targeted educational and behavioral interventions, ultimately enhancing population results.

 

References

Chen, J. (2017). Short-term efficacy of an innovative smartphone technology-based intervention for weight management for overweight and obese adolescents: A pilot study. https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.7860

Dalton, M. (2018). The medium-term effect of a modified yoghurt/pudding on appetite and weight loss following a 12-week exercise intervention in females who are overweight/obese. http://isrctn.com/. https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn78021668

King, B. (2020). Overweight and obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes: What is known? Interventions in Obesity & Diabetes, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.31031/iod.2020.04.000588

Murphy, J., Moullec, G., & Santosa, S. (2017). Factors associated with adipocyte size reduction after weight loss interventions for overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-regression. Metabolism, 67, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2016.09.009

Perry, R. A., Daniels, L., Baur, L. A., & Magarey, A. (2018). Impact of a 6-month family-based weight management programme on child food and activity behaviours: Short-term and long-term outcomes of the PEACH™ intervention. Pediatric Obesity, 13(11), 744-751. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12460

Rahman, M. N. (2020). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult in selected areas of Bangladesh. Interventions in Obesity & Diabetes, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.31031/iod.2020.04.000592

Sacher, P. (2020). Improving health outcomes in obese children: A randomised controlled trial of the MEND programme. http://isrctn.org/>. https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn30238779

Smith, L. R., Chadwick, P., Radley, D., Kolotourou, M., Gammon, C. S., Rosborough, J., & Sacher, P. M. (2019). Assessing the short-term outcomes of a community-based intervention for overweight and obese children: The MEND 5-7 programme. BMJ Open, 3(5), e002607. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002607

TK, A., & Chandran, S. (2017). NOLA J Pender: Health promotion model. Application of Nursing Theories, 202-202. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/13072_25

Van der Heijden, L. B., Feskens, E. J., & Janse, A. J. (2018). Maintenance interventions for overweight or obesity in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews, 19(6), 798-809. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12664

Williamson, D. A. (2017). Fifty years of behavioral/Lifestyle interventions for overweight and obesity: Where have we been and where are we going? Obesity, 25(11), 1867-1875. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21914

Yang, R. (2020). Managing the COVID-19 pandemic in China: Managing trust and accountability. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/az8qk

YS, C., & MG, G. (2019). Combating childhood obesity with an integrated school curriculum. Journal of Obesity and Overweight, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.15744/2455-7633.1.201

 

 

Indian cultural competence impact on health behavior using Giger and Davidhizar’s Criteria

 Indian cultural competence impact on health behavior using Giger and Davidhizar’s Criteria

Introduction

In order for nursing students in an undergraduate program to be able to assess and treat patients from various cultural backgrounds, the Giger and Davidhizar’s Transcultural Assessment Model was developed in 1988. Cultural phenomena such as communication, time, location, social structure, environmental regulation, and biological diversity all go into the concept's construction. Using these as a guide, one can develop culturally appropriate treatment plans for your patients. This essay will use the six criteria to assess India’s cultural competence and its impacts on health behaviors.

1.     Communication

While language is necessary, it is not the primary part of intercultural communication. Nonverbal signs are also required for effective communication, among other things, between employees, their families, and occupational health nurses. Due to the nature of nonverbal communication, eye contact is critical, however it differs by culture. Indians are taught to keep their eyes open in nursing schools and the business sector. The contrary is true in other cultures, as shown by the fact that, whereas Arabs detest eye contact, Indians often look down to indicate that they are paying attention to what is being spoken (Beasley et al., 2021). Elders in India often make eye contact with youngsters. On the other hand, staff members are unlikely to do so when children get medical or nursing care. When conversing with patients about personal matters, occupational health nurses must keep in mind how different cultures perceive eye contact. Nursing schools in India teach students how to engage with sick people via touch. When it comes to contact, individuals from distinct cultures may not have the same conception of the word "touch." According to Maier's book, Lorentz's clientele from Arab or Hispanic cultures do not want men to touch certain areas of the female body. In the future, women of Arab or Hispanic ancestry may be unable to care for males. Many Asians are averse to having their heads touched, believing that their skulls contain a source of power that should be avoided at all costs(Beasley et al., 2021). According to Maier-Lorentz (2008), occupational health nurses and other healthcare professionals should explain to their customers why they are about to be touched. As a consequence, they will be able to avert misunderstandings on their own. For many nurses educated in the United States, silence is an unsettling and impolite nonverbal technique. They despise it and feel that its use is harmful. Silence may suggest that you do not understand or do not want to respond to a question. According to Maier-Lorentz, American Indians, Chinese, and Japanese people should keep their mouths shut when listening to a speech. This is a considerate gesture. Additionally, they may use quiet to convey the impression that they have pondered what they are going to say before proceeding. In Asian cultures, it is common to stay quiet while speaking with elders as a sign of profound respect. While quiet indicates a respect for another's privacy for English and Indian speakers, it also indicates agreement for French, Spanish, and Russian speakers(Beasley et al., 2021). As a consequence of their perception of the environment, it has an effect on how people view health care. They feel they have some influence over life events and, as a result, over the medical care they get. They think they have little control over their lives, which makes them more fatalistic about health care and less cooperative with doctors when it comes to following treatment prescriptions. Indian civilizations have educated its people to be incredibly hopeful in all situations as a consequence of how they were taught and schooled to talk about their own experiences.

2.         Space

Generally speaking, space is defined as the amount of distance between you and another person that helps you feel comfortable being in close proximity to that other. It is difficult to define "personal space" in India because of the cultural differences. Understanding it, on the other hand, is a vital demand in our country. Despite the fact that prior to covid19, space was not a factor to consider while researching health habits. The Indian people are very gregarious beings who, according to their culture, like spending a lot of time together and, as a result, believe themselves to be a single large family. It is possible that withdrawal from this culture of togetherness would lead to depression; as a result, health practitioners must take this into consideration while treating depressed patients. Initially, space was not considered to be a significant issue when it came to administering occupational nursing services (Jongen et al., 2017). However, it has recently been discovered to be a factor when it comes to treating people from India who are depressed because their living space is large and they have lost touch with some of the people they consider to be very close friends or family members. Instead of being depressed because their personal space has been infringed, Indians are more likely to feel depressed because they have been abandoned by people who they think should be close by. What I'm talking to here are traditional Indians, as opposed to the present Indians, who spend the majority of their time on social media interacting with foreign characters. Occupational therapists would recommend that their patients' families come see them if they were sad since Native Americans place a high priority on community.

3.         Social Organization

Understanding the organization Indian society is organized is equally critical. Gender roles, family goals and objectives, and health care decision-making are all influenced by social organization. The decision-making authority may be given to a maternal grandmother, even if the patient's care is supplied by someone outside the immediate family. Both of these people should be included in the care planning process in order to foster trust and understanding. Care should be offered within the framework of a family, regardless of where it is received. The concept of family to an Indian patient may be very different from what we consider to be the norm in the West (Jongen et al., 2017). The Indian tribes of North Indians , like many others, place a high value on family and use it as a means of expressing one's identity in public. Ancestors who have gone on are part of an individual’s thoughts, talks, and activities as well . Lumbees and other tribes may define family to include those not tied by blood but by some other relationship, friendliness, and understanding. Knowledge of the interconnections between several North Indians  tribes is a crucial component of understanding social organization and identity. Many American Indians (AIs) in North Indians  have ancestors from a wide range of ethnic groups, and a family's health history may indicate this if the individuals of the family have a long history of poor health.

In AI civilizations, time is not predicated on a linear viewpoint as it is in Western countries, but rather on a current orientation that incorporates the past, present, and future all at once. People in various tribes and families place varied values on the past, present, and future because of the interconnectedness of communication, social organization, and family dynamics. When deciding on the kind and delivery of treatment for clients of Indian ancestry, this understanding of time's construction must be taken into consideration. The start time of a planned event in Native cultures could be established, but it may not begin until all members of the community are there. An example of respecting this feature of the culture would be speaking with the person in the patient’s social structure recognized as the health care decision-maker to identify suitable times for health care visits.

5. Time

There are many Indians who don't understand the concept of time, whether at the federal or state level. They often show skepticism when Indians claim indigenous status without full federal recognition, wrongly assuming that this designation is the only thing that determines who is indian. Instead, federal or state recognition is a legal agreement between governments, not an endorsement of a person or group's identity. Many Native American tribes in North Indians  have had their legal status changed or examined many times, which has led to them being given different names.

 

Most of the AI communities in the Eastern United States have kept their ancestral lands for a long time, like North Indians 's. They have also welcomed non-AIs and members of other tribes into their old settlements. Members of one extended family can belong to different tribes or live in different parts of an American Indian organization. This is one of the most complicated things about American Indian tribes(Wu, 2021). People who aren't Native don't always think that AIs are lying about who they are based on their tribe's status or their own appearance, even though tribes with the longest history of contact are the least likely to look like the AI stereotype that is so well-known in the United States. Du Bois came up with these ideas about race more than 100 years ago, and they don't make sense.

They were enslaved, moved around, and got sick over many years. The tribes in North Indians  were likely first exposed to European illnesses through trade and direct contact in 1524. This is when they were first exposed to them.  AIs still care about land, even though colonization has caused a lot of damage. Whether or not they stay in their native communities, this is still important to them(Wu, 2021). Land has always been very important to AIs' survival, but also because the physical settings of tribal groups help define their identities. Due to its limited land, colonialism, and Jim Crow laws' impact on its people, North Indians  clearly needs therapy that is culturally relevant. People often have negative views about tribal identification or unique phenotypes, which makes it clear that North Indians  needs therapy that is culturally relevant..

 

5.         Environmental Control

When evaluating the lives of others, it is important to understand one's own worldview and how it affects one's sense of disease and choice of treatment. People think about everything they see and hear through the lens of some kind of conceptual frame of reference, says Fawcett. Conceptual models have been used to look at human behavior and how it affects health care and the development of knowledge, skills, and ethics. Indians use a unique way to think about and understand the world. AI is a worldview that emphasizes historical knowledge, spirituality, commitment to family, community, and locality, and harmony, even though different tribes and people have different ideas. American Indian scholars have come up with a way for nurses and other health care workers to understand how to put the Indian worldview into practice. CFNNAC, the only model of its kind in the literature, can be used by nurses and other health care professionals who work with indigenous people to help them learn and practice.

There will be 167,809 Indians living in North Indians  in the 2020 U.S. Census, which is a 7% drop from 2010. Lumbee Indians are one of the country's largest tribes, even though North Indians 's population has dropped. Some say this is because there has been a rise in people who say they are of mixed ethnicity. The health problems in this group have been going on for a long time, and most of the people who work with Indians aren't Native. It is very important for all health care workers in North Indians  to know about the Indian population so that they can give the best treatment possible. There are three of us now who used to work in AI. We also teach nursing, American Indian studies, and social work at our school. We live near a lot of college students who are mostly interested in AI. When we started working with kids and families, we were very excited about it. We have a lot of experience in nursing and social work. We are unique in our jobs because we are AIs, and we get to work with AI students right away.

It's important for us to be able to understand and speak for the people we help. Our professional associations also agree that we need to be culturally aware when we know, do, and believe in what we do. Because culture is the lens through which we see our surroundings, it is important for health care workers to always be on the lookout for ways to be more culturally aware and competent.

6.         Biological Variations

In North Indians , there are eight tribes that are recognized by the state. The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI) is one of them. These tribes, no matter where they are, have different histories. These days, North Indians 's eight state-recognized tribes still have a lot of love for the places and towns they call home. Most Indian tribes are made up of groups from other tribes that came together in the areas we now call their "tribal homelands." In addition to the North Indians  tribes, there are people from all over the United States and Canada living in every county in the state. Some of them are American Indians (AIs).

 

Indians don't understand the process of tribal registration, whether at the federal or state level. When AI people claim to be indigenous even though they haven't been approved by the federal government, Indians can be shocked. They think this classification is the only thing that determines who should be called Indians. Instead, federal or state recognition is a legal agreement between governments, not an endorsement of a person or group's personal or group identity. Many AI groups in North Indians  have changed their legal status many times, including getting new names when their legal status is reviewed or appraised.

 

Many AI communities in the Eastern United States, such as North Indians , have kept their homes for years and let other tribes and non-AIs live inside their ancient cities. One extended family organization may belong to multiple tribes and live in different places, which makes it hard for American Indian tribes to keep track of family history. People who aren't Native don't always think that AIs are lying about who they are based on their tribe's status or their own appearance, even though tribes with the longest history of contact are the least likely to look like the AI stereotype that is so well-known in the United States. These ideas don't take into account the social conceptions of race that were first proposed by Du Bois more than 100 years ago.

It took hundreds of years of slavery, expulsion, migration, and exposure to disease for the tribes of North Indians  to get where they are today. The tribes were likely first exposed to European illnesses through trade and direct contact in 1524. Even though colonization caused a lot of damage, land is still important for AIs, even if they stay in their ancestral societies. Because tribes are defined by their physical surroundings, land has always been important to AI existence. North Indians  has a limited amount of land, a history of colonialism and Jim Crow laws, and people who sometimes have negative views about tribe affiliation or individual phenotypes make it important for people to be treated in a way that is culturally appropriate..

Conclusions

This paradigm emphasizes how important it is to see each person as unique in his or her culture. They say there are six things that are common to all cultures: communication, space, social organization, time, environmental management and biological variability [10]. This is what they say. When people interact with each other, communication is one of the ways that they do that There are many ways to communicate, both spoken and written, as well as many ways to express yourself, such as facial expressions and gestures, as well as nonverbal cues like loudness and pitch. Language can get in the way of great therapy because of simple misinterpretations and a lack of ability to communicate as expected. The "personal space" that people keep while talking is another dimension that changes based on the cultural backgrounds of the people who are talking to each other. The sense of space also includes three more behaviors: how you connect with things in your surroundings, where you are, and how you move around in the environment. It is very important to be careful and not to cross the line when it comes to these parts of contact, because doing so could cause a lot of pain to patients. People in different cultures organize their lives in an organization that fits their families, beliefs, and obligations. This is the third component. This part asks nurses to keep in mind that patients' behavior may be affected by things like their sexual orientation, how they use titles, and how much power they have. An understanding of this part could help nurses avoid being seen as rude or unfriendly. In terms of how it affects people, time is the same as social organization. Groups can be categorized by how they spend their time, like if they are clock-focused or if they spend their time with others. People who pay more attention to the ticking of the clock aren't as happy as those who don't. If they don't keep their appointments on time, they don't want to be seen as unfriendly or rude. Those who work for a good cause place a lot of value on the present. People who think of time this way see it as a spectrum that changes over time based on the length of time between events. The fifth component is environmental control, which is about how the person thinks about society and how they think about things like how illness happens, how it should be treated, and how health is promoted and maintained. The biological orientation is the last and most important part. It is also the most important part. Races are different physically because they have different DNA. Some races are more likely to get certain diseases than others are. Other important parts of this paradigm include being more aware of how much pain you can take and having more problems and preferences in your diet.

 

References

Beasley, C., Jones-Locklear, J., & Jacobs, M. A. (2021). Cultural competence with American Indian clients: Workforce and personal development. North Carolina Medical Journal, 82(6), 423-426. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.82.6.423

Jongen, C., McCalman, J., Bainbridge, R., & Clifford, A. (2017). Health workforce development interventions to improve cultural competence. SpringerBriefs in Public Health, 49-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5293-4_4

Working with diverse clients using cultural competence and humility. (2020). Skill Development for Generalist Practice: Exercises for Real-World Application, 15-24. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506384894.n6

Wu, J. (2021). Personal competence from the perspective of cultural knowings. Journal of International Education and Development, 5(3), 125-130. https://doi.org/10.47297/wspiedwsp2516-250020.20210503

 

ADVANCED GEOTECHNICS AND DESIGN

  

ADVANCED GEOTECHNICS AND DESIGN

 

 

 

 

 

by (Name)

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Name of the Class (Course)

Professor (Tutor)

The Name of the School (University)

The City and State where it is located
The Date

 

Advanced Geotechnics and Design

Introduction

The report is about the geological investigation of a two story building in Manchester city canal. The development is a building, shopping centre made predominantly of glass and reinforced concrete. The location is near Al Bell stadium and the soil condition is loose clay and therefore recon geological; survey has proposed the use of pile foundation to support the building. Upon sinking survey boreholes, vertical soil profile found a stable soil about 12 meters underground. Despite its little size in comparison to other nations, the United Kingdom has over 700 distinct soil types (Kumar et al. 2021, p. 480). This is because of the large variety of rock kinds and the sometimes-unpredictable climate. These two billion-year-old rocks are found across the United Kingdom and span all geological epochs. As a result, we have witnessed how the conditions under which rocks were formed varied dramatically through time, from warm subtropical to the frigid bleak wastelands of the Ice Age. Rocks have evolved in a variety of settings throughout history.

Independent Research

Building techniques in the UK are continually changing and being refined to fit the particular features of brownfield sites. These advances have become more prevalent in recent decades. However, many home builders and contractors are still concerned about the issues of rising excavated material disposal costs and the profitability of stacked foundations. These factors are becoming more critical for individuals building low-rise homes in metropolitan locations (Kumar et al. 2021, p. 480). The Sustainable Homes Initiative's stringent standards for new construction call for the use of pile foundations, and this becomes clear after the building is complete. This scheme, which relies on independent assessors, is being implemented by local authorities throughout the United Kingdom to make British houses more ecologically friendly. It is possible to employ 'Geothermal piles,' which are pile foundations combined with a ground closed-loop heat exchanger, to meet the criteria for the system. To heat the structures located on top of the subsurface, this system uses temperature variations as a source of energy(Kumar et al. 2021, p. 480). Another example of how to pile foundations may be cost-effective and efficient for brownfield construction while also demonstrating excellent environmental credentials. If an expert in the building or engineering industry at all, you're going to have to re-evaluate and come up with solutions that you may not have previously considered.

Stability cannot always be ensured using the usual means; hence screw pile foundations are sometimes utilized instead of standard pile foundations. Many reasons exist for engineers to use screw pile foundations as the best underpinning and foundation formation technique for skyscrapers and other significant structures (Zou & Chen 2020, p. 9). Furthermore, screw pile foundations may be employed even in locations with poor soil quality that would otherwise be ruled unsuitable for sturdy edifices due to their ability to withstand earthquakes (Zou & Chen 2020, p. 9). A screw-like look may be achieved by adjusting and reconfiguring its helical fins when employed in various soils and ground conditions. They may be used in poorer soil since the screwing action necessary to install them compacts the surrounding ground, and a more robust torque can be used to connect them; therefore, the weaker soil is not a worry. The use of grout in screw pile foundation construction is uncommon; however, it may be utilized if the soil is in bad condition and has to be stabilized(Zou & Chen 2020, p. 9). The foundations of a structure are critical throughout the construction process for obvious reasons. In the construction industry, it is well-known that the more significant and heavier the structure is, the foundations must support that, the deeper they must be. Depending on the size of the structure built on top of them, one can utilize a variety of foundations. Because of their reputation for being dependable, piles have been employed in building for a long time. They are also quite affordable.

 

Establishment of Ground Conditions

Site condition

Boreholes showed layers of very stiff low to high plasticity silty clays (CL to CH) and very stiff low to high plasticity silts (ML to MH) in the top 10 meters. The first layer was very stiff low to high plasticity silty clays (CL to CH). To the right of this layer is a very dense layer of sand that is very dense. This layer is called "very dense sand," and it goes down to a depth of 25 meters. They kept coming across weak mudstone and weak sandstone layers as they went down into the borehole. This was until they reached a depth of about 35 meters below ground level (Zou & Chen 2020, p. 9). It's called the Omdurman formation, and these weak mudstone and weak sandstone are part of it. It goes all the way to the lowest places on Earth, so it's ancient. These sections were made up of data from a wide range of different exploration methods. They show the most important geological conditions that were there.

Ground Conditions

To figure out soil density, calculate effective soil pressures, and make stress diagrams, you need accurate information about groundwater levels. The amount of dewatering that will be needed during excavations will also depend on how much water there is in the ground. Water levels should be checked while the boring is taking place and right after the boring is done and for the next 24 hours(Xu et al. 2021). Water level readings may take more than a week to be accurate when low-permeability soils and drilling muds make it hard for water to flow through the ground. An observation well or piezometer should be drilled into the ground to keep an eye on groundwater for a long time to come. To keep an eye on changes in the hydrostatic pressure of one or more confined aquifers or layers of the groundwater system, piezometers, and observation wells are often used to keep track of them.

Design Calculations

Superstructure loading on a foundation

The foundation receives the load.

·       Its mass is multiplied by the number of levels.

·       The weight of beams in motion: Each beam's weight in kilograms per running meter

·       Several walls surround each running meter.

·       Slabs can support a great deal of weight.

They can support dead weight, living weight, and their body weight. Columns are also prone to bending moments, which should be included in the final design. Structural design software such as ETABS or STAAD Pro may be used to ensure that a good structure is adequately produced fast. Finally, the structural loading is calculated. In professional work, some fundamental assumptions govern everything.

Columns should be used: Concrete has a self-weight of about 2400 kilograms per cubic meter or 240 kN. Each cubic meter of steel contains around 8000 kg of steel. How much weight is required to form a single large column? If built of steel, it weighs 1000 kg per floor, or the equivalent of 10 kN(Kumar & Sammi 2019, p. 3447- 3452). Thus, the weight of a column per level is estimated to be between 10 and 15 kN. The computations for beams and beams above are the same. Consider the following: (230/450) = (230/450) x (450/450) x (450/450). The own weight is about 2.5 kg/m2 in this scenario. Assume the slab is 125mm thick. It now weighs 0.125 x 1 x 2400 = 300 kg, or about 3 kN. Each square foot of slab now weighs 300 kg. Two weights are stacked on top of one another: 1 kilogram per meter for the finishing load and 2 kg per meter for the live load. As a result, the load on the slab should always be between 6 and 7 kN per square meter. After determining the amount of weight on a column, the Factor of Safety should be considered. This is the last phase. According to the calculations above and the soil's capacity to support weight, a pile foundation is the best option for this project, since it will not settle.

Foundation design considerations

Simple settlement calculation algorithms are provided that take into consideration the influence of neutral point shift on pile stability if the pile-soil elastic relative displacement is zero. The suggested approach beats FEM in computing volume and load transfer route. Superior engineering concepts are used to obtain high precision. The following are some of the most critical findings from the research. Neutral points that have been moved will keep the relative displacement of heaps and soil at the neutral point constant. It's calculated using a simple approach to investigate the influence of various drainage scenarios on pile settling in the NSF circumstance. The different scene locations are compared to one another. First and foremost, while constructing a pile foundation, the difficulty of transmitting weights from a structure to the soil must be considered. In a sophisticated, nonlinear fashion, soil-pile system analysis and structure-pile system research must work together. Structural and geotechnical engineers must work closely together to create a successful design. This chapter covers a number of critical features of piling foundation design. 4-2. Recommendations for Design. Admissions and Departures Request This paragraph's design requirements may be applied to a wide variety of piles, soils, and buildings. The anticipated alterations may need a review of the piling's structural characteristics and the foundation's geotechnical characteristics. Loading specifications This is, without a doubt, the most popular.

Under typical situations, such as floods, operations fall within this category. In this circumstance, safety and allowable stresses must be considered. Unusual. In rare circumstances, such as during maintenance or when a barge collided with a structure, safety factors and permitted stresses may be reduced. The amount of stress that may be tolerated has increased by 33% due to this condition. To accomplish this, smaller pile capacity safety factors may be utilized. Completely. In high-load situations, such as accidents or natural disasters, low safety factors are essential because, even if they do not occur, swift post-disaster repair work is still required. In certain circumstances, the maximum amount of stress that may be tolerated can be raised by up to 75%. The safety criteria mentioned in paragraphs 4-2c may be used. When the individual piles are loaded to their maximum or beyond the residual capacity, you should do an iterative (nonlinear) analysis of the pile group to see whether an equilibrium can be achieved. To avoid the building from collapsing under very high loads, several measures must be taken (such as field instrumentation, frequent or continuous field performance monitoring, engineering studies and analyses, constraints on operational or rehabilitation activities, etc.). A CECW-ED official should be consulted before making any modifications. Four characteristics stand out among the most important: The kind of load applied may have an impact on foundation quality tests. The stiffness and strength of a pile are affected in a variety of ways depending on how long it is vibratory, repeating, or static. As a result, each kind of loading necessitates the identification of soil-pile properties. Safety capacity factor (c). When determining a geotechnical pile's axial load design capacity, keep the following safety aspects in mind.

Conclusion and Reflections

The BS code was used to analyze the bearing capacity of piles, and the results show that the net allowable load capacity of 0.5 diameter piles with a length of approximately 10 meters embedded in clay soil is estimated to be 886.3 kN and 794.6 kN, respectively, using different adhesion factors when embedded in clay soil. The findings reveal that the bearing capacity of the pile with a length of 12 meters and a diameter of 0.5 meters is 1159 kN/m2 and 1040 kN/m2. An 1816 kN/m2 pile and a 16 meter long pile can withstand the same amount of force. Using several adhesion factors to compute the ultimate pile capacity, it was discovered that Bowel had the highest value with 951 kN/m2. In contrast, Das had the most cautious result with 856 kN/m2, less than half of the maximum value. It is critical to correct the adhesion factor when determining how much clay soil can hold using undrained shear strength(Zou & Chen 2020, p. 9). Although Monte Carlo simulation provided higher values, the theoretical capacities of all the piles were lower than the net permitted load determined by load/settlement curves and BS code. For all of the piles and approaches tested in this research, the pile shaft transfers more than 94% of the weight while the pile base holds back less than 6% of it. Comparing the bearing capacity of piles with identical lengths, diameters, and other properties erected in the same soil stratum but assigned different adhesion factors revealed significant discrepancies. There were no or very few modifications in the case of finite element methods.

 

References List

Kumar, M. and Samui, P., 2019. Reliability analysis of pile foundation using ELM and MARS. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 37(4), pp.3447-3457.

Kumar, M., Bardhan, A., Samui, P., Hu, J.W. and R Kaloop, M., 2021. Reliability analysis of pile foundation using soft computing techniques: a comparative study. Processes, 9(3), p.486.

Xu, H.N., Zeng, K. and Gan, G., 2021, November. Finite Element Analysis of Seismic Dynamic Response of Pile Foundation in Soft Soil Foundation. In 2021 7th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil Engineering & Smart Water Conservancy and Intelligent Disaster Reduction Forum (ICHCE & SWIDR) (pp. 1152-1157). IEEE.

Zou, D., Sui, Y. and Chen, K., 2020. Plastic damage analysis of pile foundation of nuclear power plants under beyond-design basis earthquake excitation. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 136, p.106179.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix

 

 

Dish washing planning

 Drucker Point                                            

1.      Knowing your strengths, what you are good at. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.      Remedy your bad habits

 

3.      Knowing how you perform

 

 

 

4.      Knowing how one learns

 

 

5.      Knowing your values

 

 

6.      Cultivating responsibility for relationships

     

Jordan Anecdote

When I read and sent these letters about dish labor, I came up with an idea: gather these stories and put them together in a booklet.

There was something I liked about dishwashing, and I found it fascinating. Quite possible, this was my true calling! In the dish pit of this building, Dishwasher Pete completed his goal to clean dishes in all 50 states.

I liked to read, among other things.

 

Even more than Jeff’s actions, I absorbed his attitudes about work.

 

I am going to wash dishes in all fifty states!

Dishwashing is like chess: You always have to think six moves ahead. Therefore, the only way to get out of this mess is to make a lot more money. In addition, Taylor called this “working smarter,” and these gains can only come from that way of working. 1 This means that you can work more effectively without having to work more or longer.

There were some hard days, but I no longer felt like a newbie in the situation after a few months. I was not even lazy when it came to cleaning up after myself. Now I was a full-fledged Dishwasher Pete, and I was very proud of myself for being one and traveling across the country, looking for jobs in exotic places, and savoring the freedom that comes with just living one’s life. To get to Alaska, I had to stop in Arcata. I was able to find Jeff at his new dish job when I was there

Q2. Managing Self - “Worthpoints.”

1. Pete Jordan wrote several issues of the Dishwasher publication to tell stories of his adventurous dishwashing experiences across different states, inspiring many dishwashers across the country (Storytelling skills)

2. Travelled across all states, taking and leaving dishwashing jobs in different eateries, making personal and professional friends with dishwashers, cooks, chefs, managers, and customers from different ethnic, racial, cultural, religious, and class backgrounds (Networking skills)

3. Wrote numerous letters to his friends who were also in dishwashing, explaining his adventures, job challenges, and desire to travel across states to accomplish his ‘American dream’ of dishwashing across all states (Communication skills)

4. Professionally interacted with customers, colleagues, and bosses from different cultural, ethnic, and racial backgrounds, respecting their diversities, learning from their strengths, and making professional and personal contacts (Cultural competence)

5. Jordan went on a traveling dishwashing journey and learned a lot about dishwashing while he was there. He went from being a beginner dishwasher to a dishwashing master, an authoritative dishwashing writer, and a spokesperson for dishwashers across the country (Expert dishwashing skills).

6. Signed membership with the Memorial Union Labor Organization (MULO), participated in massive strike and demonstrations following a wrongful dismissal of a colleague dishwasher to lobby for her reinstatement, a successful mission (Lobbying skills).

7. Despite his meager earnings as a dishwasher, Pete completed his mission of dishwashing across all states, keeping detailed financial records of his travel and living expenses across all states, managing every cent with an eagle-eyed keenness (Accounting skills)

8. Starting with just a few hundred copies of the Dishwasher zine, the magazine grew to thousands of copies and was sent all over the country. Millions of people who read the magazine learned about dishwashers’ work and personal lives from all over the country (Journalistic skills).

9. Peter rose from an unknown wishful thinking housepainter and immigrant to become one of the world’s most famous dishwashers while satisfying his curiosity of what lies beyond San Francisco, his home (Publicity skills).

10. Accomplished his life goal of dishing in in 35 out of 50 states in just ten years, retired from dishwashing, married the love of his life, and moved to Amsterdam to open a new chapter in his life (Work-life balance skills)

PROFESSIONAL SUMMARY

The ability to be effective, quick, and quick-witted

WORK EXPERIENCE

Dishwasher (1995).

Hell Train – Portsmouth, Rhode Island

·       Proficiently cleaned dishes in a dishpan on the move, serving over 125 train passengers.

·       Carefully scrubbed and scoured pots and pans as the train rumbled on.

·       Expertly used different washing chemicals machines and driers and organized clean dishes by waiters and waitresses.

Jack in the Box – San Francisco

·       Effectively scrubbed and scoured the pots and pans using specific cleaning chemicals and tools to remove burnt-on food.

·       Skillfully cleaned dishes, including glassware, silverware, and wooden pieces during busy lunch and dinner hours.

EDUCATION

High School

Saint Agnes’s School, San Francisco

College

Catholic Liberal-arts College, San Francisco

4. Progression 2 by 2 Matrix business model

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Feedback loop(s)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4. Role-Play – Persuasive Points

·       We serve customers to the best of their satisfaction.

·       Provision of all to explore and find their full potential.

·       we guarantee to the respect and space you need

5. How I approached the assignment

In the first question about developing an anecdote, I read Drucker’s way of taking responsibility when assigned a job and contrasted it with Jordan’s detailed view. This was the most time-consuming, and it requires a lot of attention to detail to absorb the language and make a reasonable march. For instance, knowing what one is good at as a sentence, I had to look at its anecdote from Jordan’s side, and it had an elaborate explanation of exploiting one strength. Secondly, those who own beds or are responsible for feeding kids do not understand or respect this enough to invest the time and effort necessary to improve it.

The second question was to state the skills and work experience of Peter Drucker. I employed the format of writing curriculum vitae to bring out the life, education, work experience, and hobbies of Peter Drucker. Though this looked very demanding at first, the information was readily available on the web.

Using the PowerPoint, I understood how to use progression and another matrix to rate competence and other stated factors. Is the project’s scope apparent? Of course, but there is a strong sense of urgency. To improve the efficiency of service work, we cannot just rely on the government or politics to do it for us. People in charge of both for-profit and not-for-profit businesses have to do this. Management has a significant social responsibility in the information age. It is the first one.